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Química
Grados 10–12
Thermochemical reactions
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1
What does the Law of Conservation of Energy state?
A
Energy is only conserved in chemical reactions.
B
Energy always increases in a closed system.
C
Energy can be transformed from one form to another but cannot be created or destroyed.
D
Energy can be created and destroyed.
2
Which of the following best defines internal energy (E) of a system?
A
The total kinetic energy of the system's particles.
B
The sum of all kinetic and potential energies of the particles in the system.
C
The energy required to break all bonds in the system.
D
The total potential energy of the system's particles.
3
In thermodynamics, what does the sign convention for change in internal energy (ΔE) indicate when ΔE is positive?
A
The system has done work on the surroundings.
B
The system has gained energy from the surroundings.
C
The system has lost energy to the surroundings.
D
The system's temperature has decreased.
4
Which of the following is the correct definition of enthalpy (H)?
A
H = E - PV
B
H = E / PV
C
H = PV - E
D
H = E + PV
5
In a graphical representation of enthalpy change, what does the vertical distance between the initial and final enthalpy levels represent?
A
The activation energy of the reaction.
B
The internal energy change of the reaction.
C
The entropy change of the reaction.
D
The change in enthalpy (ΔH) of the reaction.
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