Wetenschap Leerjaar 10–12 (15–18 jaar)

Biology

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A plant cell is placed in a concentrated salt solution. After a few minutes, its cell membrane pulls away from the cell wall. Which process most directly causes this change?

A Osmosis moves water out of the cell.

B Active transport moves salt into the vacuole.

C Facilitated diffusion moves water against its gradient.

D Endocytosis removes water from the cytoplasm.

A student places a red blood cell in distilled water. After several minutes, the cell swells and bursts. Which explanation best accounts for the observation?

A Water enters the cell because the surrounding solution is hypotonic.

B Solutes enter the cell and force water out through the membrane.

C Water leaves the cell because the surrounding solution has fewer solutes.

D The cell uses ATP to pump excess water into its cytoplasm.

Which of the following best describes the role of the cell membrane in maintaining cellular homeostasis?

A It facilitates the unrestricted movement of all molecules, ensuring equal concentrations inside and outside the cell.

B It provides structural support and is completely impermeable to all molecules.

C It acts as a rigid barrier that prevents any substances from entering or leaving the cell.

D It selectively regulates the movement of substances, allowing the cell to maintain a stable internal environment.

Which transport mechanism requires the cell to expend energy in the form of ATP?

A Facilitated diffusion

B Diffusion

C Active transport

D Osmosis

A red blood cell is placed in a hypotonic solution. What is the most likely outcome?

A The cell will remain unchanged because the solution is isotonic.

B The cell will shrink as water leaves the cell.

C The cell will actively pump water out to maintain its shape.

D The cell will swell and potentially burst as water enters.

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Biology

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