Science Primary 5-6 (Ages 10-12)

Geologic Time and Relative age dating

Superposition cross-cutting inclusion unconformities correlation principle index fossiles

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What does the principle of superposition state about rock layers?

A Rock layers are always the same age no matter where they are found

B The thickest rock layer is always the oldest

C In an undisturbed sequence, older layers are on the bottom and younger layers are on top

D Rock layers form only during volcanic eruptions

A geologist finds a layer of sandstone that is cut by a crack filled with lava that has hardened into igneous rock. According to the principle of cross-cutting relationships, which is younger?

A It is impossible to tell

B The sandstone layer

C The igneous rock in the crack

D They are the same age

You find a rock containing a piece of another rock inside it. What does the principle of inclusions tell you about their ages?

A The inclusion and the rock are the same age

B The inclusion formed after the rock cooled

C The inclusion is younger than the rock containing it

D The inclusion is older than the rock containing it

What is an unconformity in a rock sequence?

A A place where two rock layers are exactly the same age

B A type of fossil found only in igneous rock

C A rock layer that contains no fossils

D A gap in the rock record where erosion or non-deposition occurred

Which of the following best describes relative age dating?

A Measuring the temperature of rocks to find their age

B Determining the exact number of years since a rock formed

C Putting rocks and events in order from oldest to youngest without knowing exact ages

D Finding the location of rocks on a map

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